Intermediate サンプル教材とレッスンの流れ
Question 1 Independent Task 意見や立場を選択する問題
スピーキングのみ
Question 2 Integrated Task 大学生活に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 3 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 4 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リスニング→スピーキング
Basic サンプル教材とレッスンの流れ
Question 1 Independent Task 意見や立場を選択する問題
スピーキングのみ
Question 2 Integrated Task 大学生活に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 3 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 4 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リスニング→スピーキング
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Advance)」 カリキュラムでは、
Question 1 ( Independent Tasks) 対策として、やや難易度の高い様々なトピックを使い、
以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 100点（Speakingセクション 25点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています。
学習ステップ
↓
ステップ 1 解答の組み立て 解答へ導くために用意された質問に解答する。
↓
ステップ 2 解答作成 上の情報を基に解答文を作る。
↓
ステップ 3 スピーキング 解答を何も見ずにスピーチする。
↓
ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
学習ステップ
Read and answer the question following each step
▮ Question
Some people like to watch films. Others like to attend concerts. Which activity do you prefer to do? Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
STEP 1 |Organizing 解答の組み立て|Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.
1 Do you prefer to watch films or attend concerts?
2 Why do you enjoy doing this activity?
3 What features of films or concerts are so attractive to you?
1 My preferred activity ____________________________________
2-1 First reason ___________________________________________
3-1 Details________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2- 2 Second reason__________________________________________
3-2 Details ________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
▮ 解答例 A
1.As for me, I prefer watching films to attending concerts.
2- 1. First of all, watching films is a very relaxing activity.
3- 1. They usually last around two hours, so, during that time, I can forget about what is going on in my life and get lost in the movie, especially if it is an action movie, which I love.
2-2. Secondly, I think of films as artwork, so I try to appreciate them as works of art when watching them.
3-2. When they come together successfully, like in Citizen Kane, for example, I realize I am watching something more than a movie.
解答例 B
1 I would say I prefer attending concerts rather than watching films.
2-1. One of the main reasons is that there are so many different genres of music I like.
3-1. In the past few months, I have attended concerts performed by musicians in three different genres, thereby enabling me to hear some of my favorite songs performed live.
2-2. Another reason why I like attending concerts is that the music is much better when I hear it performed live.
3-2. My family went to a classical music concert recently.Attending the concert in person was so much better than listening to the same music on a CD.
STEP 2 |Response 解答文作成| Make your response using the above information.
As for me, I prefer _______ One of the main reasons is ________________
________________________________________________________________
___________ For example, _________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Another important thing is ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
STEP 3 |Speaking 解答| Now say your response out loud, and record your time. While you are speaking, do not look at the written response
Response time: 45 seconds Your speaking time: ___ seconds
STEP 4 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
解答例 A films
As for me, I prefer watching films to attending concerts. First of all, watching films is a very relaxing activity. They usually last around two hours, so, during that time, I can forget about what’s going on in my life and get lost in the movie, especially if it’s an action movie, which I love. For example, no matter how many times I watch movies like Spiderman and Pirates of the Caribbean, I get lost in the stories and forget about the outside world. Secondly, I think of films as artwork, so I try to appreciate them as works of art when watching them. For example, the acting, camerawork, lighting, and many other aspects of a film are all important. When they come together successfully, like in Citizen Kane, for example, I realize I’m watching something more than a movie. This makes me appreciate watching the film even more.
解答例 B concerts
I’d rather travel in a group than alone. To begin with, traveling in a group is safer than traveling alone. If I were alone, I might have some problems, yet no one could help me, especially in a foreign country where I don’t speak the language. If I’m with a tour group, the leader almost always speaks the local language. In addition, traveling with a group can give you and your travel partners man shared experiences and lots of good memories from the trip. Since it’s more interesting to travel with others, you can get memories from your trip that will last a lifetime. That is why I prefer traveling with a group of people.
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Intermediate)」
カリキュラムでは、Question 1 ( Independent Tasks) 対策として、試験問題標準レベルで様々な
トピックを使い、以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 80点（Speakingセクション 20点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています。
学習ステップ
ステップ 1 始める前に（１） トピックに関連した会話を聞いて質問に答える
↓
ステップ 2 始める前に（２） トピックに関連した講義を聞いて質問に答える
↓
ステップ 3 解答を組み立て 解答へ導くために用意された質問に解答する。
↓
ステップ 4 スピーキング 上の情報を基に解答する。
↓
ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
学習ステップ
Read and answer the question following each step
▮ Question
Some people take trips by themselves. Others take trips with groups of people. Which kind of trip do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your preference.
STEP 1 |Before you start(1)|Listen to the dialogue. Then, answer the questions to get some ideas about the subject.
スクリプト
W: What are you going to do for your spring break vacation, Henry?
M: I haven’t made any plans yet.
W: There’s a group from our dorm going skiing in Vermont.
M: Sounds good. Who’s going?
W: Let’s see, I think ten people. David, Alan, Joe, Steve,Tom …
M: Tom? No way. I’m not going anywhere with him.
W: Why not?
M: He’s cheap and never wants to spend his money. Besides, he can never make up his mind about anything. Anyway, in a group that size, there’s bound to be a problem.
W: Maybe you’re right. So what are you going to do?
M: I think I might just go home to see my family.
1 What are they discussing?
________________________________________________________________
2 Where is the group of students planning to go?
________________________________________________________________
3 Why doesn’t Henry want to go on the trip?
_________________________________________________________________
4 Do you think Henry enjoys skiing?
_________________________________________________________________
▮ 解答例
STEP 2 |Before you start(2) | Now listen to the lecture. Then, answer the questions to get some ideas about the subject.
スクリプト
Tourism is big business all over the world. The package trip with a tour group is the most popular way to travel for the elderly, with almost 85% of tour group travelers being 50 years and older. Many hotels give discounts of up to 20% for large groups. On the other hand, for young travelers, backpacking remains popular, especially in Europe. Some travel alone while others go with friends, but young travelers almost never join tour groups. In a recent survey, the main reasons for not joining tour groups were the cost and desire to have a flexible schedule. However, young travelers, especially women, are advised to travel with others to avoid dangers.
1 Which two groups of people does the lecturer compare?
_________________________________________________________________
What is one advantage of traveling in a large group?
_________________________________________________________________
3 Why are young people advised to travel with others?
_________________________________________________________________
4 What can be inferred about the schedule of a tour group?
_________________________________________________________________
▮ 解答例
1. She compares elderly and young travelers.
2. Large groups can get discounts at hotels.
3. They should travel with others to avoid the dangers of traveling alone.
4. It isn’t flexible.
STEP 3 | Organizing 解答の組み立て | Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.
1 Which of the two choices do you prefer?
2. Why do you find this choice more preferable?
3 Give some supporting details for your choice.
1 I prefer ________________________________________________ _
2-1 First reason ___________________________________________ _
3-1 Details _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2- 2 Second reason _________________________________________ _
3- 2 Details ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
▮ 解答例 A by myself
1. To take a trip by myself
2-1. I can be more flexible when making decisions.
3-1. I can decide where I want to go. I can change my mind if I want to go somewhere different. I don’t have to follow a tight schedule.
2-2. I may not get along with the others in my group.
3-2. We may have different personalities. We could have arguments about many things. I might lose a friend if I argue with one.
▮ 解答例 B with groups
To take a trip with others
2- 1. It’s safer to travel in a group.
3- 1. It’s safer to be with others when traveling. A tour group leader could help us.
2-2. We can have some shared experiences and memories.
3-2. It’s more interesting to travel with others. We can have some experiences that will provide good memories forever
STEP 4 |Response 解答| Make your response using the above information.
I would rather ________________________ One reason I prefer this is
_____________________________________________________________
______ On the other hand, ____________________________________ _
Another good point is _________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
STEP 5 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
解答例 A by myself
Of the two options, I would choose to travel alone than in a group. Firstly, by traveling alone, I can decide where to go and what to do. I don’t have to agree to do something just to make others happy. Also, I can be more flexible and change my mind. My trip can be more exciting and interesting than it would be if I had to follow a tour group’s set schedule. Secondly, I may not get along with the other people I’m traveling with. Everyone has different personalities. Some are lazy or cheap, and others can never make up their minds. If we have an argument, it could ruin the trip or even our friendship. So, I prefer to travel alone.
解答例 B with groups
I’d rather travel in a group than alone. To begin with, traveling in a group is safer than traveling alone. If I were alone, I might have some problems, yet no one could help me, especially in a foreign country where I don’t speak the language. If I’m with a tour group, the leader almost always speaks the local language. In addition, traveling with a group can give you and your travel partners man shared experiences and lots of good memories from the trip. Since it’s more interesting to travel with others, you can get memories from your trip that will last a lifetime. That is why I prefer traveling with a group of people.
Question 3 概要
Question 3は「読む」「聞く」「書く」の複数の技能が問われているため、
Integrated問題と呼ばれます。
内容は、大学や学生生活に関連する約75~100字程度のリーディングを45～50秒で読み、
次にそれについて男女の学生2人の会話を聞きます。
この会話では基本的に片方がリーディングの内容に対する自分の意見を2つ述べ、
もう片方の学生は聞き役であることがほとんどです。
リーディングとリスニングが終わったら30秒で回答の準備を行い、
60秒でスピーキングを行います。
Question 3で聞かれる内容は必ず、「リーディングの内容に対する学生の意見」です。
つまり、リーディングとリスニングの内容を要約する問題です。
問題の例
The man expresses his opinion about the students having to pay for the health club. State his opinion, and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
Question 3 攻略
それでは、解答法を順を追って解説していきます
▮ リーディング
リーディングの内容は大学が新しい運動器具を導入したとか、
大学が新しい入学システムを開始したとか、なんらかの
「キャンパスでの変化」についてです。
そしてそれに対して2つの理由があります。
Read a short passage about a campus situation.
Health Club Fees
The university plans to charge a membership fee at its health club starting in January. The fee for using the facilities will be $20 per student. The university has made this decision in light of the deteriorating condition of the equipment and the poor state of the health club itself. Renovations will be made during the Christmas break. All fees will go toward the costs of renovation and the purchase of new equipment.
| メモ取り Question 3 リーディング
リーディングの以下の要点をメモします。
・キャンパスでの変化
・変化の理由1
・変化の理由2
▮ リスニング
リスニングでは、リーディングの内容に関する男女の学生の会話で、
片方の学生がそれについて賛成か反対かを述べ、その理由を2つ挙げます。
Listen to a conversation about the same topic.
● スクリプト
W : Hey, Pete are you going to join the health club after Christmas?
M : If it were free, sure. But since it’s not, I guess I’m not.
W : It’s only twenty bucks.
M : Twenty bucks Is a lot of money to some people, Sue. These renovations and new equipment should be paid by the university.、We pay enough here already. They charge us for everything books, lab fees, photocopying, and late fees at the library. It’s too much.
W : Yeah, I guess so, but the health club really needs this. It’s in bad shape, and the equipment is ancient.
M : You know most of that equipment is less than two years old? I talked to a guy in the Athletic Department, and he said it was the football coach and team that pushed for the renovations. And they don’t have to pay since they are on a sports team.
W: No, that can’t be true. They won’t make us pay and have some others use it for free.
M: You’ll see. Wait until January. It’s not fair. If we pay. they-should pay also.
| メモ取り Question 3 リスニング
内容は必ず1人の学生の意見と理由2つなので、これらの要点をメモします。
・学生の意見
・学生の理由1
・学生の理由2
▮ 質問と回答例
Question
The man expresses his opinion about the students having to pay for the health club. State his opinion, and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
Sample Response （回答例）
学生の意見 + 2つの理由 を述べます。
The man is not pleased that the students have to pay for admission to the school’s health club. (← Option) Even though the fee is small, he thinks it is a lot of money for him to
spend. Plus, he states that he doesn’t like the fact that the students have to pay
for things like books, late fees, and lab fees in addition to their tuition.
He feels that the school is charging them enough for lots of different things already. (←Reason 1) Finally, he believes that it is very unfair that members of the student body have to pay but members of the school’s sports teams do not,( ← Reason 2) especially because the football team and coach were the ones who wanted to have the changes made.
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Basic)」 カリキュラムでは、
Question 1 ( Independent Tasks) 対策として、比較的易しい様々なトピックを使い、
以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 61点（Speakingセクション 15点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています。
TOEFL初級者（例：英検準2級以下、TOEIC 500点以下）で
リスニングが苦手な方はリスニングのない「TOEFL特訓ゼミ Starter」
カリキュラムからの受講をお勧めいたします。
学習ステップ
ステップ 1 解答の準備 自分の立場を示す
↓
ステップ 2 理由、例 選択した「理由」「例、詳細」を書き出します
↓
ステップ 3 スピーキング 上の情報を基に解答します。
↓
ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
学習ステップ
Read and answer the question following each step
Question
Some students like to study alone while others like to study in groups. Which do you think is
STEP 1 |Preference 解答の準備| State your opinion
Study with groups
Example: I like studying in groups better than studying alone.
Your Opinion__________________________________________
解答例
To tell the truth, I really prefer studying in groups.
STEP 2 | Reason 理由 | 選択した理由を書き出す
Example
❶ We can correct one another.
❷ We can explain the things that we do well to others.
Your Reasons
❶ ____________________________________________________
❷______________________________________________________
解答例
❶ They help me stay focused on what I am studying.
❷ They help me gain a wider perspective on the subject.
STEP 3 |Response 解答| Make your response using the above information.
Example : I like studying in groups better than studying alone. First, when I am in a group, everyone can correct one another when we make mistakes. Second, we can explain the things that we do well to others. So, if I am good at something but some other members are not, I can explain it to them to help them understand.
Your Response _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
STEP 4 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
To tell the truth, I really prefer studying in groups. As a matter of fact, I often have trouble focusing when I study alone. But, when I study in a group, I can focus much better. And another thing is that if you study in a group, you can hear more opinions about the subject at hand. So the group helps me gain a wider perspective on the issue I am studying.
サンプル教材とレッスンの流れ
Question 2 Independent Task 意見や立場を選択する問題
スピーキングのみ
Question 3 Integrated Task 大学生活に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 4 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リーディング→リスニング→スピーキング
Question 6 Integrated Task 大学の講義に関する問題
リスニング→スピーキング
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Advance)」
カリキュラムでは、Question 4 対策として、
やや難易度の高い様々なトピックを使い、
以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 100点（Speakingセクション 25点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています。
学習ステップ
ステップ 1 リスニング &メモ取り アカデミックなトピックの講義を聞き概要をメモします。
↓
ステップ 2 解答の構成 解答へ導くため用意された５つの質問に解答します。
↓
ステップ 3 解答の作成 テンプレートを使い解答文を作り、スピーチをします。
↓
ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
▮ Listen
STEP 1 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a lecture , and take notes.
スクリプト
I’d like to point out something about art from the past. In previous eras, making art was expensive. Most artists required patrons merely to afford the paint, canvas, and everything else they needed, and these patrons, naturally, kept most of the artwork in their homes for their own personal viewing. This made art inaccessible to most people. The artists, quite understandably, didn’t appreciate this, so they came up with two ways to enable the public to admire their work.For one, many artists began using cheaper materials. This let them work without a sponsor. This way, they could produce the art they wanted to and also retain possession of their art. They were then free to display it wherever they wanted to. This, naturally, permitted many more people to see their work. Of course, one drawback to this approach was that the lower quality of the paint and other materials meant their work often faded quickly. Fortunately, many of these works can now be restored using modern methods.Another thing artists did was to display their art both outdoors and in public places. Remember that artists didn’t just do paintings. They did statues, sculptures, and many other kinds of art. Take a look at any cathedral. There is art everywhere. Look at the statues and the stained glass window in them. They’re all works of art. And consider one of the greatest examples of art anywhere-Michelangelo’s work in the Sistine Chapel. How many thousands or millions of people have seen his artwork? He attained what most artists strive for: for the greatest number of people to admire his work.
メモ取り
Note－Taking
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question
Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two methods artists used to enable more of the public to view their work.
STEP 2 |Organizing 解答の組み立て| Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas
解答例
1. The main idea of the lecture is that artists did not want their work to be viewed by a limited number of people but instead desired for as many people as possible to see it.
2. In her first example, she says that artists utilized cheaper materials to avoid having patrons, who would keep the artists’ works for themselves.
3. What happened is that artists owned their own works, so they were at liberty to display them anywhere they wanted.
4. The professor then discusses how artists made sure their works were displayed outdoors or in public places.
5. She states that cathedrals are full of art like statues and stained glass windows, and she also mentions Michelangelo’s work in the Sistine Chapel.
STEP 3 |Response 解答| Make your response using the organized ideas.
The main idea of the lecture is______________________________ _
In her first example, she says________________________________
_________________________The professor then discusses how___ _________________________________________________________
In her view, _______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
STEP 4 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
Sample Response 模範解答
The main idea of the lecture is that artists didn’t want their work to be viewed by a limited number of people but instead desired for as many people as possible to see it. The professor covers a couple of steps artists took to ensure that this happened. In her first example, she says that artists utilized cheaper materials to avoid having patrons, who would keep the artists’ works for themselves. What happened is that artists owned their own works, so they were at liberty to display them anywhere they wanted. The professor then discusses how artists made sure their works were displayed outdoors or in public places. She states that cathedrals are full of art like statues and stained glass windows,and she also mentions Michelangelo’s work in the Sistine Chapel. In her view, doing art like this enabled the greatest number of people to see the artists’ works.
STEP 5 自己採点
Delivery
1 How clearly did you speak your response?
Language Use
2 How well did you control language structures to convey your ideas?
3 How appropriately did you use vocabulary to convey your ideas?
Topic Development
4 How fully did you answer the question?
5 How coherently did you present your ideas?
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Intermediate)」
カリキュラムでは、Question 4 対策として、試験問題標準レベルで様々な
トピックを使い、以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、
スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 80点（Speakingセクション 20点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています
学習ステップ
ステップ 1 リスニング &メモ取り アカデミックなトピックの講義を聞き概要をメモします。
↓
ステップ 2 解答の構成 解答へ導くため用意された５つの質問に解答します。
↓
ステップ 3 解答の作成 テンプレートを使い解答文を作り、スピーチをします。
↓
ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
▮ Listen
STEP 1 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a lecture , and take notes.
メモ取り
Note－Taking
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question
Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two different theories on why the dinosaurs became extinct.
STEP 2 |Organizing 解答の組み立て| Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas
解答例
1. The professor describes two of the more popular theories on why the dinosaurs became extinct.
2. After an object from space hit Earth, lots of dirt and debris were thrown into the air, which decreased the amount of sunlight getting through to Earth.
3. Because there was less sunlight, plants died, so herbivorous dinosaurs no longer had a food source and died, and then the carnivores died soon afterwards.
4. After a super volcano erupted, it spewed carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which caused global warming to occur rapidly.
5. The dinosaur eggs reacted badly to the heat, so more males were born, which meant that the dinosaurs could not reproduce.
STEP 3 |Response 解答| Make your response using the organized ideas.
The professor states that dinosaurs once ____________________ _
__________________________________________________________
________ The first is that _________________________________ _
The second theory Is that __________________________________ _
So ________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
STEP 6 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
Sample Response 模範解答
The professor states that dinosaurs once ruled Earth but suddenly became extinct. She gives two different theories to explain their disappearance. The first is that a meteor or asteroid struck Earth. She even says that some scientists know where it hit. The strike sent dirt up into the”atmosphere, which hid the planet from the sun. It got colder, and there was no sunlight, so all the plants died. Without food sources, the dinosaurs all died. The second theory is that there was an eruption of a super volcano. This filled the air with carbon dioxide, which caused the greenhouse effect to start on Earth. When subjected to heat, lizard and dinosaur eggs change. Females in eggs become males. So there were no more females being born, which meant that the dinosaurs couldn’t reproduce.
マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Basic)」
カリキュラムでは、Question 4 対策として、試験問題に比べ、
簡単なトピックとやや短めな講義を使った様々な問題に
チャレンジしていただきます。
以下の学習ステップで、効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。
目標スコアー 61点（Speakingセクション 15点）を目指す受講者に適した
カリキュラムになっています。
TOEFL初級者（例：英検準2級以下、TOEIC 500点以下）で
リスニングが苦手な方はリスニングのない「TOEFL特訓ゼミ Starter」
カリキュラムからの受講をお勧めいたします。
学習ステップ
ステップ 1 リスニング &メモ取り アカデミックなトピックの講義を聞き概要をメモします。
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ステップ 2 解答の構成 メモを使ってKey sentencesを書き出します。
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ステップ 3 解答のスピーキング 質問に対し、メモを参考に解答します。
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ステップ 4 比較と復習 模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。
▮ Listen
STEP 1 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a lecture , and take notes.
スクリプト
Have you heard about the positive externality effect? The positive externality effect is kind of a difficult theory to explain. Basically, it means that certain actions in society can help society as well as the individual. Let’s see. A common example is the flu shot. People can help themselves by getting a flu shot and keeping healthy. They might save some money by not missing work, avoiding the doctor and not having to pay for medicine. They also help society as a whole by not getting others sick. This is the positive externality effect. Of course, sometimes people don’t care about society and don’t get their shots. This hurts all of society, not just the individual. The government can help by reducing the costs of the shots or forcing people to get their shots.
メモ取り
Subject: Positive externality effect
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Detail: Help self and society at same time
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STEP 2 |Organizing 解答の組み立て| Make key sentences using the above notes
Key sentences
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❷ __________________________________________________________
STEP 3 |Response 解答| Make your response using the above information.
Question
Using points and examples from the talk, explain the positive externality effect.
Your Response _________________________________________________
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STEP 6 | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.
Sample Response 模範解答
The positive externality effect is a theory that when one person or a group of people is helped by something, the effect that it has on them will positively affect society as a whole. When a person gets a flu shot for example, it helps the person who won’t get the flu and it also helps everyone else that the person might have infected to.
