TOEFL対策コラム

TOEFLスピーキングQuestion 3 解答に必須の表現集

TOEFLスピーキングQuestion 3  解答に必須の表現集

TOEFL スピーキング Question 3 では、あるアカデミックなトピックの課題文

75~100語程度)を50秒で読み(リーデング)、

次に教授がそのトピックの例について話す講義を聞きます(リスニング)。


リーディングとリスニングが終了後は30秒で回答を準備し、

60秒でスピーキングを行います。


Question 3で聞かれる内容は、「トピックについて説明し、

教授がどのようにそのトピックを例証しているか答えなさい」です。


Useful Expressions

トピックについて説明し、教授がどのようにそのトピックを例証しているかを説明する表現を学びます。 

1.Expressions that can be used in telling about the lecture subject

講義について説明する表現


  1. The lecturer describes …
  2. In the course of the lecture, the professor .. .
  3. The subject of the talk is …
  4. During his lecture, the professor mentions .. .
  5. The professor gives a lecture on …
  6. The professor lectures on .. .
  7. The lecture Is mostly about …
  8. The topic of the lecture Is .. .
  9. In the lecture, the professor focuses on …
  10. The professor’s talk mentions …


2.Expressions that can be used in telling about the lecture details

講義の詳細を説明する表現


  1. If you look at the details, ….. –
  2. The professor gives several examples…
  3. The first was…
  4. One thing the professor mentions is …
  5. First, the professor says …
  6. The reason for this is .. .
  7. Something else to remember Is …
  8. The first reason is that .. .
  9. It is often the case that …
  10. The professor states that. ..


3.Expressions that can be used in referring and quoting remarks

 備考の参照や引用に使用できる表現


  1. The professor says,” … ”
  2. According  to the lecture,
  3. The professor thinks that. ..
  4. The lecturer remarks that. ..
  5. She mentions,” … “
  6. In his opinion,
  7. The professor discusses…
  8. The reading mentions that ..
  9. In the reading, the author  writes…
  10. In the professor’s words, “…”


4. Expressions that can be used In making relations

講義と課題文を関連させる表現


  1. This is a part of … in the reading because…
  2. This represents the idea of … in the reading.
  3. This relates to the reading passage In that .•.
  4. This is a classic Instance of …
  5. The professor’s example is connected to the reading in that …
  6. The reading passage describes this Instance as …
  7. An example of this Is found in the reading, which mentions …
  8. The relation between the reading and lecture Is …
  9. This fact is strongly related to …
  10. The connection the professor makes to the reading is …


5. Expressions that can be used in telling about the reading passage

課題文を説明する表現


  1. According to the reading,
  2. The reading states that…
  3. In the reading,
  4. It is considered to be a fact that…
  5. The reading covers…
  6. The reading passage describes…
  7. As describe in the reading,
  8. The topic covered in the reading is…
  9. This concept is covered in the reading, which stakes…
  10. The reading focuses on …


6. Expressions that can be used to connect the lecture examples to one another

講義の例証をもう一つの例証に結びつける表現


  1. Both instances…
  2. In both cases,
  3. These are two methods…
  4. The two examples both …
  5. The lecturer’s two examples …
  6. The professor’s two Instances …
  7. Both of the professor’s examples ..
  8. The two examples mentioned both …
  9. This shows how the two instances…
  10. These are both examples of…

TOEFL iBT スピーキング 概要と攻略法(Question 3)

Question 3   概要

それではTOEFL iBTスピーキング Question 3の概要を理解していきましょう。

Question 3 は「読む」「聞く」「書く」の3技能が問われているため、

「integrated 問題」と呼ばれています。


内容は、あるアカデミックなトピックの課題文(75~100語程度

50秒で読み(リーデング)、次に教授がそのトピックの例につい

て話す講義を聞きます(リスニング)。

リーディングとリスニングが終了後は30秒で回答を準備し、

60秒でスピーキングを行います。


Question 3で聞かれる内容は、「トピックについて説明し、

教授がどのようにそのトピックを例証しているか答えなさい」
です。

例えばトピックがDormancyに関するものだった場合、以下のような質問になります。


| 質問例

The professor describes the behavior of the lungfish during the dry season. Explain how the lungfish’s behavior relates to dormancy.


Question 3   攻略法 

それでは、解答法を順を追って解説していきます


▮ リーディング

先ほど使った”dormancy”をトピックにしたサンプル問題を見ていきましょう。


Dormancy

Some animals go through periods of their lives when they stop developing for some time. This period of time is called dormancy. When an animal is lying dormant, it has two primary characteristics. First, the animal engages in a very small amount of physical activity. Often, it barely moves, as it tends to stay in one place. Also, a dormant animal has very little need for nourishment. This is connected to the fact that it is not moving and not being active. For example, when bears hibernate in winter, they are engaging in a period of dormancy.


リーディングの内容は必ずアカデミックなトピックとその定義が含まれています。


今回の場合、トピックは” dormancy” で定義は” Some animals go through periods of their lives when they stop developing for some time” になります。


 メモ取り    Question  3  リーディング


課題文の構成は通常、「主題(トピック)」,「理由 / ポイント」、
「例、詳細」の順になります。全体の構成に注意して読み、メモを作成しましょう。


●  主題(トピック)

●  理由 / ポイント

●  例、詳細


▮ リスニング

課題文と同じトピックに関する講義(約60~90秒間、150~220語程度)を聞きます。

講義は通常、「主題(トピック)」、「理由 / ポイント」、「例、詳細」の順になります。

リーディングメモの関連個所の右側に講義メモを作ります。


課題文との関係については、次の3つの形があります。


(1)反論型:課題文の内容について反論し、その理由を説明。

(2)例示型:課題文の要点について、例を挙げて説明。

(3)展開型:課題文を発展させて、さらに理由や詳細を説明。


Listen to a lecture about the same topic.

● スクリプト

Now, most of you have probably heard about  the lungfish and know that it is a species of fish that is actually capable of breathing air, hence the name lungfish. Well, that capability is integral to the survival of lungfish that live in Africa and South America. Here, let me tell you about what they do. Well, as you know, various places in Africa and South America have both rainy and dry seasons. During the dry season, the pools of water where the lungfish live often simply evaporate from the heat So, what do the lungfish do in order to survive? Well, they dig holes deep in the ground and cover themselves in slime and mud. This helps keep them cool In the heat. After that. they enter a period  dormancy. This slows down their body functions considerably. For example their hearts might  beat only three times a minutes, incredible, huh? And they might only breathe twice an hour. Simply put, they engage in almost no physical activity. They remain in this state for as long as the dry season lasts. Once the rain starts falling and the water returns, the lungfish can return to their  normal existence of living in the water.



▮ スピーキング

次にスピーキングの60秒間の中で話す内容を理解しましょう。

60秒間の中で話す内容は以下の5つです。

  1. トピックは何か
  2. トピックの定義
  3. 教授の例は何か
  4. 教授の例がどのようにトピックを示しているか
  5. 結論 コンクルージョン


それでは、一つ一つ見ていきましょう。

1.トピックは何か

まずはトピックが何かについて明確にしましょう。

トピック は dormancy  になります。

2.トピックの定義

そして次にそのトピックを定義しましょう。定義はリーディングに書いているのでそれをそのまま使ってOKです。今回の場合だと

Some animals go through periods of their lives when they stop developing for some time.

3.教授の例は何か

次に教授が何の例について話しているか話します。

the lungfish and know that it is a species of fish that is actually capable of breathing air

4.教授の例がどのようにトピックを示しているか

教授の例がどんな例だったか、そしてそれがどのように今回のトピックを

説明しているかを話します。

When the dry season comes and its pools of water evaporate, the lungfish has to dig a deep hole in the ground to live in. It then covers itself with dirt and slime and promptly enters a period of dormancy. Dormancy is a time when an animal ceases developing and slows down its bodily functions. This is exactly what the lungfish does. It doesn’t move, it slows down its heart rate, and it breathes only two times an hour.

5. 結論  トピックについて再度述べます。

Because it is lying dormant, it doesn’t need any physical nourishment. This allows the lungfish to survive until the rains come back and create more pools of water for it to live in.


● 模範解答 Sample Response


In his lecture, the professor focuses on the lungfish, a species of fish in Africa and South America that can breathe air. When the dry season comes and its pools of water evaporate, the lungfish has to dig a deep hole in the ground to live in. It then covers itself with dirt and slime and promptly enters a period of dormancy. Dormancy is a time when an animal ceases developing and slows down its bodily functions. This is exactly what the lungfish does. It doesn’t move, it slows down its heart rate, and it breathes only two times an hour. Because it is lying dormant, it doesn’t need any physical nourishment. This allows the lungfish to survive until the rains come back and create more pools of water for it to live in.

Perfect Master (Advance) Question 3 レッスンの流れ

TOEFL スピーキング Question 3 学習ステップ


マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Advance)」 カリキュラムでは、

Question 3  対策として、やや難易度の高い様々なトピックを使い、

以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。


目標スコアー 100点(Speakingセクション 25点)を目指す受講者に適した

カリキュラムになっています。


学習ステップ

ステップ   1 リーディング 学生生活に関する方針についての短い文章を読む

ステップ   2  チェックテスト リーディング内容の理解度をチェックするための質問に解答します。

ステップ   3  リスニング    関連する会話を聞き、主張と理由をメモ取りします。

ステップ   4   スピーキング  試験同様の質問に対し、解答へ導くため用された

5つの質問に解答します。

ステップ   5   スピーキング  5つの解答を基にメモを見ずに解答を述べます。

ステップ   6   比較と復習  模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。  
 

ステップ 7 自己採点   毎回自己採点を記録してください


▮ Read

STEP 1    | Reading 読解| Read the following passage about a campus situation.


Seniors Eligible to Teach Freshman Classes

Central University is beginning a new program in the fall semester Eligible  seniors may now co-teach certain classes alongside a professor in their department. Students must have a 3.5 GPA both overall and in their major to qualify as teachers. This program should be of particular interest to students considering pursuing teaching careers-although that is not a requisite to become an instructor. Student-teachers will need to prepare lesson plans and make themselves available for office hours for their students as well. Inquire at the Student Services Office for more information.




STEP 2   | Comprehending 読解力テスト | Answer the following questions to make sure you understand the reading


1 What is the topic of the notice?

2 How can a student become eligible for this program?

3 What kind of GPA does a student need to participate in the program?

4 Which students in particular may be interested in this program?

5 What will students accepted to the program have to do?

1 __________________________  

2  __________________________ 

3  ____________________     

4  ____________________      

5  _________________________


Comprehending  解答例


1. The topic of the notice is a new student-teaching program that the university has decided to create.

2. Students who are excelling academically both in their majors and overall may participate in the program.

3. Students must have GPAs of at least 3.5 in their major and overall in order to qualify as teachers.

4. Students considering teaching careers may be particularly interested in the program.

5. Students will have to turn in lesson plans and conduct office hours, which will give them valuable teaching experience.


▮ Listen

STEP 3 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a conversation on the same topic, and take notes.


スクリプト

W: What a silly idea! I can’t believe the school is

entertaining the notion of letting students teach classes.

M: It sounds intriguing to me.

W: You think so?

M: Why not? First, like the announcement says, it would be a great way to get some teaching experience. Think about it. .. It’d look great on an application to graduate school. It might help some students get accepted.

W: Okay, that’s good for the student-teacher, but what about the students taking the classes? I can tell you this … I wouldn’t want a student teaching my class. The student wouldn’t have nearly as much knowledge as a real professor.

M: Well, there is the prospect of that, but the student will just be co-teaching, so I’m not terribly concerned. Anyway, you know, I like the part about the student keeping office hours.

W: Because?

M: My professors are always busy and often don’t have time to chat. It’d be easier and, frankly, more comfortable, going to a student to ask my questions. It’s not like my questions are so difficult that an upperclassman wouldn’t be able to answer them.

Note-Taking メモ取り

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


● 質問


The man expresses his opinion of the co-teaching program the university is creating. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.


STEP 4 | Organizing  解答の組み立て | Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.

1 What is the man’s opinion of the new co-teaching program?

2 What does he think a result of the program will be?

3 In what way will that help the students in the future?

4 What does he feel about the student-teachers having to keep office hours?

5 How does he compare the time professors have to the time students have?


1   Opinion ___________________________________________

2   First reason _________________________________________

3 Details_______________________________________________

4   Second reason _______________________________________

5 Details _______________________________________________

解答例


1. In the man’s mind, the program is a good idea and is worth supporting.

2. First, he thinks that doing student-teaching will benefit the students in the program.

3. He feels that putting it on their resumes will look good when they apply to graduate schools and might even help some of them get accepted.

4. Another reason is that he is encouraged by the fact that the student-teachers would have to keep office hours.

5. He mentions that most of his professors have no time , to chat, but he thinks students would.


▮ Speak

STEP 5   | Speaking 解答| Now say your response out loud, and record your time. While you are speaking, do not look at the written response.


Response time  45 seconds                Your speaking time seconds

STEP 6  | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.


Sample Response 模範解答

The topic of the notice is a new student-teaching program the university has decided to create. In the man’s mind, the program is a good idea and is worth supporting. He cites a couple of reasons to defend his opinion. First, he thinks that doing student-teaching will benefit the students in the program. He feels that putting it on their resumes will look good when they apply to graduate schools and might even help some of them get accepted. Another reason is that he’s encouraged by the fact that the student-teachers would have to keep office hours. He believes students having office hours is better than professors having them. He mentions that most of his professors have no time to chat, but he thinks students would. Also, most of his questions could be answered by upperclassmen, so he wouldn’t have to bother his professors so much.


STEP 7 自己採点  


Delivery

1 How clearly did you speak your response?

Language Use

2 How well did you control language structures to convey your ideas?

3 How appropriately did you use vocabulary to convey your ideas?

Topic Development

4 How fully did you answer the question?

5 How coherently did you present your ideas?


Perfect Master (Intermediate) Question 3 レッスンの流れ

TOEFL スピーキング Question 3 学習ステップ

マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Intermediate)」 カリキュラムでは、

Question 3  対策として、試験問題標準レベルで様々なトピックを使い、

以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。


目標スコアー 80点(Speakingセクション 20点)を目指す受講者に適した

カリキュラムになっています。


学習ステップ

ステップ   1 リーディング 学生生活に関する方針についての短い文章を読む

ステップ   2  チェックテスト リーディング内容の理解度をチェックするための質問に解答します。

ステップ   3  リスニング    関連する会話を聞き、主張と理由をメモ取りします。

ステップ   4   スピーキング  試験同様の質問に対し、解答へ導くため用された

5つの質問に解答します。

ステップ   5   スピーキング  5つの解答を基に解答を作り上げます。

ステップ   6   比較と復習  模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。  
 

▮ Read

STEP 1    | Reading | Read the following passage about a campus situation.


University Tutoring System

The new university tutoring system begins on August 22. Students will no longer have face-to-face tutoring sessions. Instead, an online tutoring system will be implemented. The computer-based r tutoring system will allow students to receive tutoring help twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, instead of only during regular school hours, Students will benefit from expanded access to tutors. Also, the computer-based system will relieve students of stress from the crowded tutoring centers. Students will no longer need to be present on campus for tutoring. They will be able to access the computer-based system from any computer with an  Internet connection.



STEP 2   | Comprehending 読解力テスト | Answer the following questions to make sure you understand the reading


1 What is the notice about?

2  What is the first reason for the new tutoring system?

3  According to the notice, how will it benefit the students?

4  What is another reason for the new tutoring system?

5  According to the notice, how will it benefit the students?

1 Issue __________________________  

2  First reason __________________________ 

3  Details  ____________________     

4  Second reason ____________________      

5  Details  _________________________


Comprehending  解答例

1 . The notice is about how the university will change from

face -to-face tutoring to a computer-based tutoring

system.


2. One reason for the changes is that only offering

tutoring services during regular school hours is not

enough for the students.

3. Students will have access to tutoring twenty-four

hours a day, seven days a week.

4. Another advantage for the change in the tutoring

system is that it will eliminate crowded, stressful

tutoring centers.

5. Students will be able to access the tutoring network

from any computer with the Internet connection.

▮ Listen

STEP 3 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a conversation on the same topic, and take notes.


スクリプト

M: This new tutoring system will be great.

W: I’m not so sure about that.

M: Really? What do you mean?

W: First of all, a lot of students don’t even know how to

type very fast. Some cannot even type at all. This will

make the tutoring sessions really slow.

M: Right. Ty ping skills will be really important.

W: Sure they will. When students are tutored face to

face, they don’t have to worry about typing though.

They can just focus all of their energy on what they’r

learning. I think that’s more efficient.

M: You may be right.

W: There’s something else, too. Students must have

a good computer at home in order to access the

computer-based system. Many students will have to

upgrade their current computer or even buy a new

one. I know a lot of students who don’t even have a

computer at home. It will be very expensive for a lot

of students to get access to tutoring now_

M: That’s a good point.

W: I think it might be better to stick with the old system.

Note-Taking メモ取り

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


● 質問

Q     The woman expresses her opinion of the new computer-based tutoring system. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.


STEP 4 | Organizing  解答の組み立て | Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.

1 What is the woman’s opinion of the new tutoring system?

2 What does the woman say about students’ typing skills?

3 Why is this important to the new tutoring system?

4 What does the woman say about computers?

5 Why does she think it will be difficult for some students to buy new computer?

1   Opinion ___________________________________________

2   First reason _________________________________________

3 Details_______________________________________________

4   Second reason _______________________________________

5 Details _______________________________________________

解答例

1. The woman does not think it is a good idea for the

university to switch to a computer-based tutoring

system.

2. The woman says that some students either cannot

type or type very slowly.

3. She claims the lack of typing skills will make the

tutoring system slow.

4. The woman claims that students will either have to

upgrade their computers or else purchase n曲ones.

5. She thinks upgrading or purchasing new computers

will be too expensive for students.


▮ Speak

STEP 5   | Response 解答| Make your response using the above information

The notice describes____________      , The woman thinks_____________

______  One reason is___________________________________________

_____________ During the conversation, the woman says______________

________________________________________________________________

______________________    Another reason is________________________

_________    The woman states that_________________________________

________________________________________________________________

STEP 6  | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.


Sample Response 模範解答

The notice describes a new university tutoring system.The woman is against the university’s decision to replace face-to-face tutoring with a computer-based tutoring system. First, she believes that students will require excellent typing skills in order to take advantage of the new tutoring system. However, she states that many students lack the ability to type well enough, so the new tutoring system will be much slower than the face-to-­face system. To her, the inability to type well will hinder the learning process for some students. Second of all, she believes many students will have to upgrade their computers or even buy new ones. According to the woman, this will be very expensive for many students. She believes the former face-to-face method of tutoring is better for students than the new computer-based tutoring system.



Perfect Master (Basic) Question 3 レッスンの流れ

TOEFL スピーキング Question 3 学習ステップ

マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Basic)」 カリキュラムでは、

Question 3  対策として、比較的易しい様々なトピックを使い、

以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。


目標スコアー 61点(Speakingセクション 15点)を目指す受講者に適した

カリキュラムになっています。



TOEFL初級者(例:英検準2級以下、TOEIC 500点以下)で

リスニングが苦手な方はリスニングのない「TOEFL特訓ゼミ Starter」

カリキュラムの受講をお勧めいたします。


学習ステップ

ステップ   1 リーディング 学生生活に関する方針についての短い文章を読む

ステップ   2  メモ取り  トピックと理由の概要をメモします。

ステップ   3  チェックテスト 上記情報の理解度をチェックするための質問に解答します。

ステップ   4  リスニング    関連する会話を聞き、主張と理由をメモします。

ステップ   5   スピーキング  質問に対し、メモを参考に解答します。

ステップ   6   比較と復習  模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。  
 

▮ Read

STEP 1    | Reading | Read the following passage about a campus situation.


Additional Writing Course

Attention, science students. Starting next semester, the school will be offering two writing classes: Basic Writing for Science and Intermediate Writing for Science. These classes have been made in response to the recent complaints about the writing abilities of science students. Students who want to take either of these two classes should meet Professor Johnson first and get an application form.


STEP 2   | Note Taking | Take notes on the reading

①  Topic: New writing courses for science students

②  Reason: To increase science students’ writing  abilities

STEP 3  |Organizing 解答の組み立て | Answer the following question using the above information.

Q : What is the school going to do?

A : The school will offer two writing classes to help improve its science students’ writing.

▮ Listen

STEP 4 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a conversation on the same topic, and take notes.


メモ取り

Woman      Opinion  Likes the classes

                  Reason : The classes will teach him how to write and be more         

persuasive,and they may help him get into graduate school.

Man            Opinion: Dislikes the classes

                  Reason: These classes are a waste of time since she can already write.



スクリプト

M : Did you hear about the new writing class? I think this is a waste of time considering that all of us can already write. Why do we need to learn writing? We will become scientists,not writers!

W : Oh, do you think so? Well, I disagree with you. I think these new classes are great. I always hated English classes, so I never developed any writing skills. You know, these   classes will not just be about writing but will also teach us how to be more persuasive. Hopefully, taking these classes can help me get into graduate school.


▮ Speak

STEP 5   | Response 解答| Make your response using the above information

Q   The man expresses his opinion about the new classes the school will offer. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for having that opinion.

Your Response

The man thinks the new classes are great. Because he hated English class, he doesn’t have any skills. So he wants to take the class in order to go to graduate school.



STEP 6  | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.


the man likes the classes because he wants to improve his writing skills to get into graduate school. He always hated English classes, so his skills have not improved.


Perfect Master (Advance) Question 2 レッスンの流れ

TOEFL スピーキング Question 2 学習ステップ


マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Advance)」 カリキュラムでは、

Question 2  対策として、やや難易度の高い様々なトピックを使い、

以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。


目標スコアー 100点(Speakingセクション 25点)を目指す受講者に適した

カリキュラムになっています。

学習ステップ


ステップ   1 リーディング 学生生活に関する方針についての短い文章を読む

ステップ   2  チェックテスト リーディング内容の理解度をチェックするための質問に解答します。

ステップ   3  リスニング    関連する会話を聞き、主張と理由をメモ取りします。

ステップ   4   スピーキング  試験同様の質問に対し、解答へ導くため用された

5つの質問に解答します。

ステップ   5   スピーキング  5つの解答を基にメモを見ずに解答を述べます。

ステップ   6   比較と復習  模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。  
 

ステップ 7 自己採点   毎回自己採点を記録してください


▮ Read

STEP 1    | Reading 読解| Read the following passage about a campus situation.


Seniors Eligible to Teach Freshman Classes

Central University is beginning a new program in the fall semester Eligible  seniors may now co-teach certain classes alongside a professor in their department. Students must have a 3.5 GPA both overall and in their major to qualify as teachers. This program should be of particular interest to students considering pursuing teaching careers-although that is not a requisite to become an instructor. Student-teachers will need to prepare lesson plans and make themselves available for office hours for their students as well. Inquire at the Student Services Office for more information.




STEP 2   | Comprehending 読解力テスト | Answer the following questions to make sure you understand the reading


1 What is the topic of the notice?

2 How can a student become eligible for this program?

3 What kind of GPA does a student need to participate in the program?

4 Which students in particular may be interested in this program?

5 What will students accepted to the program have to do?

1 __________________________  

2  __________________________ 

3  ____________________     

4  ____________________      

5  _________________________


Comprehending  解答例


1. The topic of the notice is a new student-teaching program that the university has decided to create.

2. Students who are excelling academically both in their majors and overall may participate in the program.

3. Students must have GPAs of at least 3.5 in their major and overall in order to qualify as teachers.

4. Students considering teaching careers may be particularly interested in the program.

5. Students will have to turn in lesson plans and conduct office hours, which will give them valuable teaching experience.


▮ Listen

STEP 3 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a conversation on the same topic, and take notes.


スクリプト

W: What a silly idea! I can’t believe the school is

entertaining the notion of letting students teach classes.

M: It sounds intriguing to me.

W: You think so?

M: Why not? First, like the announcement says, it would be a great way to get some teaching experience. Think about it. .. It’d look great on an application to graduate school. It might help some students get accepted.

W: Okay, that’s good for the student-teacher, but what about the students taking the classes? I can tell you this … I wouldn’t want a student teaching my class. The student wouldn’t have nearly as much knowledge as a real professor.

M: Well, there is the prospect of that, but the student will just be co-teaching, so I’m not terribly concerned. Anyway, you know, I like the part about the student keeping office hours.

W: Because?

M: My professors are always busy and often don’t have time to chat. It’d be easier and, frankly, more comfortable, going to a student to ask my questions. It’s not like my questions are so difficult that an upperclassman wouldn’t be able to answer them.

Note-Taking メモ取り

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


● 質問


The man expresses his opinion of the co-teaching program the university is creating. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.


STEP 4 | Organizing  解答の組み立て | Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.

1 What is the man’s opinion of the new co-teaching program?

2 What does he think a result of the program will be?

3 In what way will that help the students in the future?

4 What does he feel about the student-teachers having to keep office hours?

5 How does he compare the time professors have to the time students have?


1   Opinion ___________________________________________

2   First reason _________________________________________

3 Details_______________________________________________

4   Second reason _______________________________________

5 Details _______________________________________________

解答例


1. In the man’s mind, the program is a good idea and is worth supporting.

2. First, he thinks that doing student-teaching will benefit the students in the program.

3. He feels that putting it on their resumes will look good when they apply to graduate schools and might even help some of them get accepted.

4. Another reason is that he is encouraged by the fact that the student-teachers would have to keep office hours.

5. He mentions that most of his professors have no time , to chat, but he thinks students would.


▮ Speak

STEP 5   | Speaking 解答| Now say your response out loud, and record your time. While you are speaking, do not look at the written response.


Response time  45 seconds                Your speaking time seconds

STEP 6  | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.


Sample Response 模範解答

The topic of the notice is a new student-teaching program the university has decided to create. In the man’s mind, the program is a good idea and is worth supporting. He cites a couple of reasons to defend his opinion. First, he thinks that doing student-teaching will benefit the students in the program. He feels that putting it on their resumes will look good when they apply to graduate schools and might even help some of them get accepted. Another reason is that he’s encouraged by the fact that the student-teachers would have to keep office hours. He believes students having office hours is better than professors having them. He mentions that most of his professors have no time to chat, but he thinks students would. Also, most of his questions could be answered by upperclassmen, so he wouldn’t have to bother his professors so much.


STEP 7 自己採点  


Delivery

1 How clearly did you speak your response?

Language Use

2 How well did you control language structures to convey your ideas?

3 How appropriately did you use vocabulary to convey your ideas?

Topic Development

4 How fully did you answer the question?

5 How coherently did you present your ideas?


職業別プログラムに「Nursing」が追加されました

Nursing 1 [看護師](15ユニット 50 レッスン/25分)


Nursing 1 目次 サンプル教材  はこちらからご覧ください

将来、英語圏で働くことを計画する看護師や医療関係に必要な語彙力を高め、患者や同僚と有効かつ正確に英語でコミュニケーションをはかる能力を養います。
主な受講対象者:看護師、医療関連職者 (中級~上級レベル)


Accidents and emergencies Pain Symptoms Nutrition and obesity Monitoring the patient1 他 全15ユニット

Perfect Master (Intermediate) Question 2 レッスンの流れ

TOEFL スピーキング Question 2 学習ステップ

マイチューター 「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master (Intermediate)」 カリキュラムでは、

Question 2  対策として、試験問題標準レベルで様々なトピックを使い、

以下の流れで効果的、実践的な練習を繰り返し、スコアアップへ導きます。


目標スコアー 80点(Speakingセクション 20点)を目指す受講者に適した

カリキュラムになっています。

学習ステップ


ステップ   1 リーディング 学生生活に関する方針についての短い文章を読む

ステップ   2  チェックテスト リーディング内容の理解度をチェックするための質問に解答します。

ステップ   3  リスニング    関連する会話を聞き、主張と理由をメモ取りします。

ステップ   4   スピーキング  試験同様の質問に対し、解答へ導くため用された

5つの質問に解答します。

ステップ   5   スピーキング  5つの解答を基に解答を作り上げます。

ステップ   6   比較と復習  模範解答を聞いて、自分の解答と比較します。  
 

▮ Read

STEP 1    | Reading | Read the following passage about a campus situation.


University Tutoring System

The new university tutoring system begins on August 22. Students will no longer have face-to-face tutoring sessions. Instead, an online tutoring system will be implemented. The computer-based r tutoring system will allow students to receive tutoring help twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, instead of only during regular school hours, Students will benefit from expanded access to tutors. Also, the computer-based system will relieve students of stress from the crowded tutoring centers. Students will no longer need to be present on campus for tutoring. They will be able to access the computer-based system from any computer with an  Internet connection.



STEP 2   | Comprehending 読解力テスト | Answer the following questions to make sure you understand the reading


1 What is the notice about?

2  What is the first reason for the new tutoring system?

3  According to the notice, how will it benefit the students?

4  What is another reason for the new tutoring system?

5  According to the notice, how will it benefit the students?

1 Issue __________________________  

2  First reason __________________________ 

3  Details  ____________________     

4  Second reason ____________________      

5  Details  _________________________


Comprehending  解答例

1 . The notice is about how the university will change from

face -to-face tutoring to a computer-based tutoring

system.


2. One reason for the changes is that only offering

tutoring services during regular school hours is not

enough for the students.

3. Students will have access to tutoring twenty-four

hours a day, seven days a week.

4. Another advantage for the change in the tutoring

system is that it will eliminate crowded, stressful

tutoring centers.

5. Students will be able to access the tutoring network

from any computer with the Internet connection.

▮ Listen

STEP 3 | Listening & Note Taking | Listen to a conversation on the same topic, and take notes.


スクリプト

M: This new tutoring system will be great.

W: I’m not so sure about that.

M: Really? What do you mean?

W: First of all, a lot of students don’t even know how to

type very fast. Some cannot even type at all. This will

make the tutoring sessions really slow.

M: Right. Typing skills will be really important.

W: Sure they will. When students are tutored face to

face, they don’t have to worry about typing though.

They can just focus all of their energy on what they’r

learning. I think that’s more efficient.

M: You may be right.

W: There’s something else, too. Students must have

a good computer at home in order to access the

computer-based system. Many students will have to

upgrade their current computer or even buy a new

one. I know a lot of students who don’t even have a

computer at home. It will be very expensive for a lot

of students to get access to tutoring now.

M: That’s a good point.

W: I think it might be better to stick with the old system.

Note-Taking メモ取り

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


● 質問

Q     The woman expresses her opinion of the new computer-based tutoring system. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.


STEP 4 | Organizing  解答の組み立て | Ask yourself the following questions and organize your ideas.

1 What is the woman’s opinion of the new tutoring system?

2 What does the woman say about students’ typing skills?

3 Why is this important to the new tutoring system?

4 What does the woman say about computers?

5 Why does she think it will be difficult for some students to buy new computer?

1   Opinion ___________________________________________

2   First reason _________________________________________

3 Details_______________________________________________

4   Second reason _______________________________________

5 Details _______________________________________________

解答例

1. The woman does not think it is a good idea for the

university to switch to a computer-based tutoring

system.

2. The woman says that some students either cannot

type or type very slowly.

3. She claims the lack of typing skills will make the

tutoring system slow.

4. The woman claims that students will either have to

upgrade their computers or else purchase n曲ones.

5. She thinks upgrading or purchasing new computers

will be too expensive for students.


▮ Speak

STEP 5   | Response 解答| Make your response using the above information

The notice describes____________      , The woman thinks_____________

______  One reason is___________________________________________

_____________ During the conversation, the woman says______________

________________________________________________________________

______________________    Another reason is________________________

_________    The woman states that_________________________________

________________________________________________________________

STEP 6  | Compare 比較 | Listen to a sample response, and compare it with yours.


Sample Response 模範解答

The notice describes a new university tutoring system.The woman is against the university’s decision to replace face-to-face tutoring with a computer-based tutoring system. First, she believes that students will require excellent typing skills in order to take advantage of the new tutoring system. However, she states that many students lack the ability to type well enough, so the new tutoring system will be much slower than the face-to-­face system. To her, the inability to type well will hinder the learning process for some students. Second of all, she believes many students will have to upgrade their computers or even buy new ones. According to the woman, this will be very expensive for many students. She believes the former face-to-face method of tutoring is better for students than the new computer-based tutoring system.



TOEFL スピーキング Q-2 接続詞を覚える

▮ Question 2 流暢さを優先「接続詞」を覚える


スピーキングテストで一番やってはいけないことは、沈黙です。 

当然ですが、沈黙は評価0になります。


文法を気にしすぎるあまり沈黙の時間を作るより、多少間違っていても、

話し続け、流暢さを優先すべきです。


スピーキングQuestion 2 においては、流暢さを示すために、回答の

基本構成は(回答パターン)身に着けておく必要があります。


基本構成に加えて、Question 2の回答に必須の「接続詞」

を覚えることで、流暢さをアピールしましょう。



Question 2 で使える接続語句を覚える。


● 順序を示すのに使える表現

First (最初に), First of all (まず最初に), To begin with (初めに),

Second (2番目に), The second reason is that … (2つ目の理由は…です)


● 例を示すのに使える表現

 For example (例えば), For instance (例えば), such as … (—のような),

like — (—のような)


● 追加を示すのに使える表現

Next (次に), Moreover (さらに), Furthermore (さらに), In addition (加えて),

Another reason is that … (他の理由は—です)


● 対比を示すのに使える表現

 In contrast (その一方), Whereas (—に反して), While (しかし一方では),

 On the other hand (一方では), On the contrary (それどころか),


● 結論を示すのに使える表現

Therefore (それゆえ), Consequently (その結果), Thus (このように),

As a result (結果として) , In conclusion (結論として), In summary (要約すると)

For these reasons (このような理由で)

TOEFLスピーキングQuestion 2 解答に必須の表現集

TOEFLスピーキング Question 2 練習問題と解答に使う表現集


マイチューター「TOEFL スピーキング Perfect Master Intermediate

カリキュラムのサンプル問題と解答を見た後で、会話における男性/女性

の意見とその理由を説明する表現を学びます。 

TOEFLスピーキング Questions 2 は、大学や学生生活に関する方針に

ついての文章を読み、文章に関する学生(男女)2名の会話を

聞いたうえで、男女どちらかの意見と理由を述べる問題です。

▮ リーディング

Read a short passage about a campus situation.

University to Build New Stadium


The university is going to begin construction on a new multi million dollar stadium on July 1. Construction of the stadium should take approximately eleven months to complete. The school feels that the current facilities are inadequate and must be modernized immediately. Both athletes and students will profit from these updated facilities. In addition, since the school is now able to offer athletic scholarships, the new stadium should be able to help our sports teams attract more talented student-athletes. By improving our school’s athletic performances, we will be able to garner more nationwide attention.


▮ リスニング

Listen to a conversation about the same topic.


スクリプト


M:  I’m so glad the school’s building a new stadium. It’s about time.

W:  I couldn’t disagree more. We already have a stadium here at the university.

M:  Yeah, but it’s too old and needs to be updated.

W:  Not really. I go here at the time to use the facilities and I’ve never noticed anything wrong with it. It’s not the best stadium around, but it definitely serves the needs of the school.

M:  But what about the football team? They could really use a new stadium. You know, so then we’d get a better team.

W:  That’s not important to me at all. The stadium is going to cost millions of dollars.  The school should be spending all of that money to construct a new science libulary.

M:  A science libulary ?

W:  Yes, exactly. Most good universities have specialized libulares, and we could really use one for all of the science departments. It would be much better than having the science majors go to the main libulary.They could really use their own specialized libulary.

M:  I don’t know. That new stadium sounds really nice.

Question

The woman expresses her opinion of the new sports stadium. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.  


Sample Response      解答例


The woman is strongly opposed to the university’s decision to construct a new, expensive sports stadium. First of all, she claims that the university’s current stadium is, fine. While she agrees that it isn’t the best stadium, she claims that she uses it all the time and it seems fine to her. Likewise, she declares that it serves the needs of the school and students using it. She also believes that, instead of spending millions of dollars on a new stadium, the school ought to take that money and build a science library with it. The woman says that good universities should have specialized libraries like that one would be. She also declares that the science majors should be studying in a specialized library instead of having to go to the main library to do their studying.


Useful Expressions

会話における男性/女性の意見とその理由を説明する表現を学びます。


1. Expressions that can be used in telling about the subject

 問題文の「主題」について述べる表現


(1) The notice Is about…

(2) The notice describes…

(3) In the notice, the university…

(4) The subject of the announcement Is…

(5) The students talk about…

(6) The topic of the notice is…

(7) The announcement mentions…

(8) The notice covers…

(9)   According to the announcement,…

(10)  The matter the notice discusses is …



2. Expressions that can be used in giving the student’s opinion in the conversation

 男女学生の会話で、方針に賛成または反対であること(意見)を述べる表現


(1) The male student opposes…

(2) The woman thinks…

(4) The man agrees that…

(5) The male student dislike…

(6) In the man’s mind, …

(7) The man’s pinion is that…

(8) The woman’s supports…

(9) The man fully supports…

(10) In the woman’s mind…


3. Expressions that can be used in explaining the reasons for holding an opinion

 方針に賛成または反対であること(意見)の理由を述べる表現

(1) More than anything else, it is because..

(2) The man thinks that…

(3) The reason for this is..

(4) One reason she gives is that …

(5) The first reason is that…

(6) The woman says…

(7) The man claims that…

(8) The woman believes…

(9) The man expresses his opposition by saying…

(10) Another reason is…


4. Expressions that can be used in telling details

 理由の詳細を述べる表現

(1) According to the woman, …

(2) One thing the student points out Is…

(3) First, the student  argues…

(4) During the conversation, …

(5) To begin with, …

(6) First (Second) of all, …

(7) He claims that…

(8) Furthermore…

(9) The woman states that…

(10) The male student mention…


5. Expressions that can be used in making comparative remarks

  比較して述べる表現

(1)The woman thinks…is superior to…

(2)The man wants to…as opposed to .…

(3)It is more important to…than to…

(4)The woman’s preference is…to…

(5)She believes … is better than …

(6) It is better to … than to …

(7)On the contrary…

(8) .. .Is more Important than…

(9)…is a better choice than…

(10)The school ought to…instead of…