英語4技能対策

「DESCRIBE THE PICTURE 写真描写」 完全攻略 5. 逆接・順接で述べる

5. 逆接・順接で述べる


「AなのでBだjとか「AだがBだ」と順接や逆接の表現を使って話を進める方法を学習します。順接を表すものには、A, so B「AなのでB」、Therefore,…/As such,…「それゆえ・・・」などが、逆接を表すものにはA,but B「AだがBJ、Although A, B「AだけれどもB」、While A, B「AだがB ;AなのにB」、However,…「しかしながら…」といった表現があります。

◎A, so B「AなのでB; AだからB」
They are dressed warmly and moving around, so they probably feel quite warm.
彼らは暖かい服装で動き回っているので、おそらくかなり暖かく感じています。


◎As such/Therefore,…「それゆえ…」
There are many volcanoes in Japan. As such/Therefore,」apanese have enjoyed
hot springs for centuries.
日本には多くの火山があります。それゆえ、大昔から日本人は温泉を楽しんできたのです。


◎A, but B「AだがB」
There’s snow, but it doesn’t appear very cold.
雪がありますが、あまり寒そうには見えません。


◎…,though「しかしながら・・・」
The tickets can be very expensive, though.
しかしながら、チケットはかなり高いこともあります。


◎Although A, B「AだけれどもB」
Although this is hard work, many of the workers are women.
これは重労働ですが、働き手の多くは女性です。


◎While A,B 「AだがB;AなのにB」
While I have never tried it, I hear that it’s really dangerous.
それを試したことはありませんが、とても危険だと聞いています。


◎Even though A,B 「たとえAであってもB」
Even though sushi is a traditional Japanese food, some Japanese don’t like
sashimi.
たとえ寿司が日本の伝統食であっても、刺身が嫌いな日本人もいくらかはいるのです。


◎Howeve『,…「しかしながら…」
However, they are too expensive tor me.
しかしながら、それらは私には高価すぎます。


◎(But)Then again,「しかしながら… ;とは言え… ;一方で」
(But) Then again. the model might change clothes several times during the
session.
とは言うものの、モデルはセッション中に何度か服を着替えるのかもしれません。


◎Despite this,…「これにもかかわらず…」
Despite this. in my opinion, green tea is much healthier than coffee.
にもかかわらす、私の意見では、緑茶のほうがコーヒーよりもはるかに健康的です。

「DESCRIBE THE PICTURE 写真描写」 完全攻略   4. 順序立てて説明する 

4. 順序立てて説明する


順序立ててなにかの理由を説明したり、動作の手順を話したりする場面では序数を使った表現が多用されます。Fi「stly「まず第一に」、Secondly… 「第二に」、Finally…「最に・・・」といった具合にセットで用いられることに注意しましょう。Firstly,Secondly … は既出の事柄の理由などを説明する場面で、First. Second,…は手順を説明するときに多く用いられます。


◎ First,…/Firstly,…「最初に… ;まずは…」
First, you mix eggs, flour, butter, sugar and milk.
最初に、卵と小麦粉、バター、砂糖、牛乳を混ぜます。


Firstly, because they are both wearing the same shorts.
ますは、彼らがともに同じ半ズボンを履いているからです。


◎Second,…/Secondly,…「第二に…」
Second, you knead the dough.
次は生地をこねます。

Secondly, their back packs are very similar.
第二に、彼らのバックパックはとても似ています。

◎ Afet 『that,…「そのあと …」
After that, you roll the dou gh.
そのあと、生地を伸ばします。

◎Finally,…/Lastly,…「最後に…」
Finally, you cut them into shapes and put them in the oven.
最後に、型を抜きオーブンに入れます。


Lastly, their haircuts are the same.
最後に、彼らの髪型が同じです。

◎One reason is.. Another reason is…
「ひとつの理由は…。もうひとつの理由は…」


One reason is because of the writing on the chalkboard. Another reason is
because the teacher is wearing a lab coat.
ひとつの理由は黒板に書いてあるものです。もうひとつの理由は先生が実験用のコートを着
ているからです。

「DESCRIBE THE PICTURE 写真描写」 完全攻略 3. 対照する

3. 対照する


ふたつあるいはそれ以上の物事を対比しながら話せば、それぞれの事物をより具体的に説明することができます。「…の一方…」とか「一方は…で、他方は••だ」といった説明を行うための表現をチェックしましょう。on the one hand,…「一方で…」、on the other hand,…「他方で…」という表現がその代表格です。while…. whereas…「だが一方で…」といった接続詞を使う言い方もあります。

◎On the other hand,…「(しかし)他方では… ;あるいは…」

They could be on their honeymoon. On the other hand, they could be on a date.
彼らはハネムーンに来ているのかもしれません。あるいは、デートかもしれません。
I believe they are in their mid-30’s. On the other hand, they could be younger.
彼らは30代半ばだと思います。しかし、もっと若いのかもしれません。

  • in one’s mid-30’sで「30代半ばの」という意味。
    It appears she is using her credit card. On the other hand, she’s holding a coin purse.
    彼女はクレジットカードを使っているように見えます。一方で、小銭入れを握っています。
  • coin purse「小銭入れ」。


◎On the one hand,…「一方で…」
On the one hand, outdoor concerts are exciting. On the other hand, the sound isn’t as good.
一方でアウトトアコンサートはわくわくします。(しかし)もう一方で音はそれほどよくありません。

  • on the one hand,…とon the other hand,…が、対になった表現。


◎Some of -s…Others…「~のいくつかは…。ほかのものは…」
Some of the planes are moving. Others are parked at the gates.
飛行機のいくつかは動いています。ほかの飛行機はゲートに停まっています。

  • parkedは「駐車した;停止した」。


◎Sometimes…,and other times…「ときには…、またほかのときには…」
Sometimes we use chicken, and other times we use seafood.
ときには鶏肉を使い、シーフードを使うこともあります。


◎A, while/ whereas B 「Aだが、 一方でB」
The big boat is moving, while the smaller boat is sitting still.
大きな船は動いていますが、一方で小さな船はじっとしています。

  • sit stillで「じっとしているj。
    In the wintertime New York City is very cold, whereas Miami is q uite warm.
    ニューヨークが冬場にとても寒い一方、マイアミはかなり暖かいのです。
「DESCRIBE THE PICTURE 写真描写」 完全攻略 2. 目立つ点•特徴を述べる

2. 目立つ点•特徴を述べる


なにかについて説明する場面では、目立つ点や特徴などを挙げて説明することも重要です。notice「気づく」という動詞を使ったり、be known for…「…で知られている」、be famous for…「••で有名だ」、be popular「人気があるjといったフレーズを使ったりしながら、特色を述べる言い方を学習しましょう。


◎I notice…「…がわかる;気づく…に注目する」
I notice there are a lot of packages.
たくさんの包みがあるのがわかります。


◎The first thing you notice about A is B 「Aに関して最初に気づくのはBだ」
The first thin g you notice about the picture is the large cruise ship.
写真について最初に気づくのは大きなクルーズ船です。

◎feature…「…を呼び物にする;出演させている」
This picture features a Japanese woman.
この写真には日本人女性が写っています。


◎be the most prominent of…「…の中でもっとも目立っている;際立っている」
Roller coasters are the most prominent of many amusement park rides.
ジェットコースターは、遊園地の多くの乗り物でもっとも目立つものです。

◎be known for…「…で有名だ」
London is known for its bad weather.
ロンドンは天気が悪いことで有名です。


Shibuya is known for its scramble crossings.
渋谷は、スクランブル交差点で有名です。
Japan is famous for having g many vending machines.
日本は、たくさんの自動販売機があることで有名です。

◎A is a (very) popular B「Aはとても有名なBだ」
A hot pot is a popular Japanese meal
鍋は日本の有名な食事です。

「DESCRIBE THE PICTURE 写真描写」 完全攻略 1. 全体像を述べる

1. 全体像を述べる


目で見たものに関して話すときには、全体像の描写からスタートすると、状況が相手に伝わりやすくなります。This is a picture of…にれは…の写真だ」、This photo is of…「この写真は…に関するものだ」といった、全体像を語りながら話を切り出す表現を身につけましょう。


◎This is a picture of…「これは…の写真だ」
This is a picture of an airport terminal.
これは空港のターミナルの写真です。


◎This photo is of…「この写真は…に関するものだJ
This photo is of a woman hiking in the mountains.
これは山でハイキングしている女性の写真です。


◎This picture shows…「この写真は…を示している」
This picture shows a birthday party.
この写真には誕生パーティーが写っています。

◎Here is…「ここに…がいます;あります」
Here is a man and woman lying on the beach.
(ここに)ピーチに寝転んでいる男性と女性がいます。

◎Here we can see…「ここには…が見える」

Here we can see a mother cradling her baby.
ここには赤ちゃんを抱えている母親が見えます。

◎The people in this picture …「写真の人々は…にいる」

The people in this picture are at an amusement park.
この写真に写っている人たちは遊園地にいます。

◎This is…「これは…だ」
This is a group of people at a bar.
これはバーにいる人たちです。

◎In this picture…「この写真では…」
In this picture a group of friends are sharing a laugh.
この写真では、友達グループがいっしょに笑っています。


◎This pictures was taken in…「この写真は…で撮られた」
This picture was taken in a store.

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE (Intermediate)- Sample Picture & Flow of the Lesson

<レッスンの流れ>

  1. 受講者は写真について説明します。短文だけでなく、複合文を作るようにしましょう。
  2. 講師は受講者の説明を聞きながら、訂正や言い換えなどのアドバイスをします。
  3. 受講者の説明が一通り終わったら、写真について講師が質問しますので、回答してください。


<Flow of the Lesson>

  1. Student should describe the picture, not only with short sentences but also by constructing complex sentences.
  2. The instructor will listen to the students’ descriptions and provide advice on corrections, paraphrasing, and other aspects.
  3. Once the student have finished their descriptions of the picture, the instructor will ask questions about it, which the student should answer.


Sample 1  「 A Birthday Party」


Speech 1
This picture shows a birthday party. It looks like these kids are
about elementary-school age. It’s probably not a very big party,
because there are only five children in the picture. The party
could be at a restaurant. Or, it might be at one of the kids’
houses.

Speech 2
Only four of the children are wearing hats. All five of them are laughing,
though. I wonder whose birthday it is. It’s hard to tell. Perhaps the one
in the middle. Certainly, they are all having a good time.

Speech 3
There are several bottles of sodas on the table. Some coffee
cups are in front of the bottles. This is strange, since children
don’t usually drink coffee. It’s possible the cups were for soup.
However, the picture doesn’t show the most important thing, a
cake!


Question 1 :

What does the picture show?

• The picture shows a birthday party.

• The picture shows children laughing.

• The picture shows a group of kids at a table.


Question 2 :

Where do you think the party is (at)?

• The party could be at a restaurant.

• It could be at one of the kids’houses.

• Maybe the party’s at the birthday boy/girl’s house.


Question 3 :

Is it a big party?

• Probably not. There are only five kids in the picture.

• It looks like a small gathering of friends or family.

• I think it’s a small celebration.


Question 4 :

Whoses birthday is it?

● It’s hard to tell.
● Perhaps the one in the middle.
● I’m not sure.


Question 5 :

What’s on the table?

● There are several bottles of soda on the table.
● Some coffee cups are in front of the bottles.
● There is a plate of food in the center.




Sample 2   「Cherry Blossom Viewing」



Speech 1
In this picture, people are boating on a river or a lake. It must
be spri ng, because the cherry blossoms are in bloom. Most of
the people in the boats are couples. Many of them are likely on
date. The boats are all the same size and shape, so they are almost
certainly rental boats.

Speech 2
It’s a very nice day. The sun is shining brightly. It looks a little
chilly, because most of the people are wearing jackets or sweaters.
There are only a few clouds in the sky. What a relaxing way to spend the day!

Speech 3
This park is definitely in 」apan. It’s li kely somewhere in Tokyo,
since there are tall buildings in the background. Cherry blossomviewing
is an important tradition in 」apan. My friends and I enjoy
hanami every year. There’s a great place near my office.



Question 1 :

What are the people in the picture doing?

●  People are boating on a river or a lake.

●  They are enjoying the cherry blossoms.

● They are spending the day in a park.


Question 2 :

What season is it?

• It must be spring.

• It’s probably spring.

•lt looks like it is March or April.


Question 3 :

What is the w eather like?

• The sun is shining brightly.

• It’s a clear day.

• It looks a little chilly.


Question 4 :

Whereistheparklocated?

• This park is definitely in Japan.

• It’s probably in a city.

• It’s likely somewhere in Tokyo.


Question 5 :

Do you ever go cherry-blossom viewing?

• Of course. My friends and I go every year.

•Absolutely.I usually go with my co-workers.

•Certainly. There’s a great place near my office.



Sample 3   「A Fender-bender」 


Speech 1
It appears these people were in a car accident. The woman looks
angry. She has her hands on her hips. The man seems apologetic.
It’s not snowing or raining, so I don’ t think bad weather caused
the accident.

Speech 2
The man’s car is badly damaged. The picture doesn’t show the
woman’s car clearly. I think it was the man’s fault. Maybe the
man was following too closely. Perhaps the woman stopped suddenly.
Then again, the man was possibly texting and driving.

Speech 3

It looks like it was a minor accident. Neither of them seem injured.
The man’s car is badly damaged. I imagine they will call a
tow truck. The police will probably give the man a ticket. Surely,
both of them wish this didn’t happen.



Question 1 :

What are these people talking about?

● It appears these people were in a car accident.
● It looks like they had a traffic accident.
● Obviously, there was an accident.


Question 2 :

How do you think they feel?

• The woman looks angry.

• The man seems apologetic.

• Both of them must be unhappy.


Question 3 :

Whose fault was it?

• It was probably the man’s fault.

• I think it was the man’s fault.

• The man’s (fault), since he was behind her.


Question 4 :

Was it a bad accident?

• It looks like it was just a minor accident.

• No. Neither of them seem injured.

• No, because the lady’s car isn’t badly damaged.


Question 5 :

What do you think will happen next?

• They’ll likely call the police.

• I imagine they’ll call a tow truck.

• They’ll probably share insurance information.

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE (Intermediate) for Tutor

▮ lesson Course Name : DESCRIBE THE PICTURE (Intermediate)

▮ Level :   CEFR A2~B2 TOEIC 400~800, EIKEN Grade Pre2~Pre1 

▮ Number of Lessons:   50 lessons (Please take only the necessary ones)  

▮ Flow of the Lesson

  1. Student should describe the picture, not only with short sentences but also by constructing complex sentences.
  2. The instructor will listen to the students’ descriptions and provide advice on corrections, paraphrasing, and other aspects.
  3. Once the student have finished their descriptions of the picture, the instructor will ask questions about it, which the student should answer.

   Two pictures will be used in the lesson. As it is a 25-minute lesson, progressing at 12 minutes per pictures will allow for the completion of the text in one session.

※ Memo
12 minutes per picture is a rough guideline. Spending more time on a single photo is fine, as is moving through them more quickly.


Teaching methods

1. Expansion of Detailed Vocabulary
Objective: To learn vocabulary for expressing more complex scenes and emotions.
Content: Introducing vocabulary related to seasons, weather, emotions, progressive actions, etc., to describe detailed situations and activities.


2. Use of Compound Sentences
Objective: To connect multiple pieces of information in one sentence for more detailed descriptions.
Content: Practicing creating compound sentences using conjunctions (such as and, but, because, etc.).


3. Improvement of Descriptive Techniques
Objective: To use metaphors and advanced adjectives for richer descriptions.
Content: Learning to use metaphors with “like a…” and advanced adjectives (shiny, dim, etc.) to describe details in photos.


4. Promotion of Critical Thinking
Objective: To speculate on what is happening or the story behind a photo.
Content: Using the learned vocabulary and expressions not just to describe the content of photos but also to discuss potential messages or emotions they convey.


These lessons aim to progressively improve learners’ ability to effectively convey visual information in English. It’s important to combine appropriate vocabulary, grammar, and expressive techniques according to the goals of each class, using a variety of photos for practical exercises.


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目的-TOEFL iBT 2科目+日常会話 スコア履歴 無し―予約中(スカイプ)

この度は、オンライン英会話サービス「マイチューター」へのご登録、ならびに体験レッスンのご予約をいただき、誠にありがとうございます。


「パーソナルサポートプログラム」へのご入力は以下になります。

受講目的:      TOEFL iBT Writing, Reading   Daily Conversation Intermediate

テスコスコア履歴:  未登録


TOEFL iBT コース概要についてはこちらのリンクからご覧いただけます。
https://www.mytutor-jpn.com/info/2023/0703224717.html

Daily Conversation Intermediate コース概要ついてはこちらのリンクからご覧いただけます。
https://www.mytutor-jpn.com/info/2023/0706201619.html


レッスン5分前にはご登録のスカイプにログインされまして、講師からのコンタクトリクエストを承認して、スカイプ(Zコールをお待ちください。


体験レッスンでご希望のレッスンがございましたらレッスン内容を「講師への連絡」からお伝えください。 
例:Express Yourself 1(英字で入力してください。)

「講師への連絡」からご希望のレッスンを伝える方法はこちらからご覧ください。
http://www.mytutor-jpn.com/info/2018/0324133345.html


レッスンコース 概要一覧はこちらのリンクからご覧いただけます。
https://www.mytutor-jpn.com/info/2023/0701200321.html


教材はレッスン開始時に共有画面でご覧いただけますのでご用意する必要はございません。

一度、受講頂くと、カリキュラムの順番で進めてまいりますので2回目からは連絡の必要はございません。

当サービスの利用方法、無料体験レッスンを含む詳細は以下のリンクからご確認いただけます。
https://www.mytutor-jpn.com/contract.html


ご不明な点がございましたら、どうぞお気軽にお問い合わせください。

マイチューター事務局

TOEIC Speaking 2 “Respond to questions using information provided”-English Site

Japanese Site

Lesson Course Name: TOEIC Speaking 2 “Respond to questions using information provided”

Number of Lessons: 40 Lessons (40 Questions) (Please attend as many as you need)

Standard Required Time: 1 Question = 25 minutes (1 Lesson)

Materials:      Original materials – Questions, Sample Questions & Strategies

The materials will be shared on screen by the instructor during the lesson. No preparation is needed.



Test Content:

You will answer questions based on the provided documents or schedules.

You will have 45 seconds to review the document displayed on the computer screen. After 45 seconds, you will answer three questions. For the first and second questions, you will have 3 seconds to prepare and then 15 seconds to respond. For the third question, you will hear the audio twice, have 3 seconds to prepare, and then 30 seconds to respond.


Lesson Overview:

The instructor will provide the materials (documents or schedules) at the beginning of the lesson, so students can start the lesson without any prior preparation.

The instructor will offer corrections and advice based on the student’s answers and work together to create model answers.

The instructor will display the materials (documents or schedules) on the screen and read the questions aloud after 45 seconds.

Students will respond after a 3-second preparation period.

Depending on the student’s level, the instructor may offer support and make corrections during the response.


※ Instructors, please receive the Answer Key from the manager.

TOEIC Speaking 2 「Respond to questions using information provided (提示された情報に基づく応答問題)」

English Site

▮ レッスン コース名 : TOEIC Speaking 2 「Respond to questions using information provided」


▮ レッスン数 : 40レッスン (40 Questions) (必要な分だけ受講してください)

          標準必要時間:1 Question =25分(1レッスン)


▮ 教材:  オリジナル教材  教材(問題)  サンプル問題&対策法

       ※ 教材はレッスン中に講師が画面共有で提示します。予習は必要ありません


▮ テスト内容:  

   提示された資料や文書(スケジュール等)に基づいて、設問に答える

パソコン画面に資料が表示されてから、この資料に目を通す時間を45秒間与えられます。45秒後、3つの質問に解答します。解答時間は、1問目と2問目は3秒準備時間の後15秒間で解答します。3問目は2回音声を聞き、3秒間準備時間の後30秒間で解答します。


▮ レッスン概要 

講師はレッスンの始めに教材(資料や文書(スケジュール等))を提供するため、生徒は事前準備なしでレッスンを開始します。

講師は生徒の回答に基づいて訂正とアドバイスを提供し、一緒に模範解答を作成します。

講師は教材(資料や文書(スケジュール等))を画面に表示してから45秒後に質問を読み上げます。

生徒は3秒の準備時間の後に解答します。

生徒のレベルに応じて、講師は回答中にサポートと修正を行う場合があります。